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西蒙娜？德？波伏娃一生写了许多作品，《第二性》是她获得世界性成功的一部巨著，是“有史以来讨论妇女的最健全、最理智、最充智慧的一本书”，被誉为女的“圣经”。成为西方妇女的必读之书。 法国前总统密特朗称她为“法国和全世界的最杰出作家”；法国现任总统希拉克则在一次演讲中说：“她介入文学，代表了某种思想运动，在一个时期标志着我们社会的特点，她的无可置颖的才华，使她成为一个在法国文学史上最有地位的作家。” 女人，为我们熟知而又陌生，自从地球有人类以来，她就成为永恒的主题，备受人们的赞誉、诅咒和诋毁。 伟大的女人和伟大的男人一样崇高、神圣；险恶的女人和狠毒的男人一样凶残、卑鄙。 第二性―人类求索中的女性哲学。向所有读者，无论是男性，还是女性，揭示了当代妇女面临的问题；生命的自由、堕胎、卖淫和两性的平等。 当代妇女问题探寻 历史与永恒的品味 译者前言 《第二性》的作者西蒙娜？德？波伏娃（Simonede Beauvior.1908-1986）是当代法国最杰出的存在主义的女权作家，也是学识渊博的女学问家。 她是存在主义哲学的创始人之一萨特的终身伴侣，他们虽然共同生活了50年，却没有结婚，因为“我们认为，按照我们的信念行事，认可这种非正式的婚姻状态，是合乎道德的”（引自《波伏娃自传》，第二卷）。 1943年，波伏娃的长篇小说《女宾》问世，从此，她一越而成为作家。 1945年，她以反法西斯为主题的小说《他人的血》出版，在法国引起强烈反响，她的作家才华得到公认，在短短的两年中，这部小说就再版了32次。 战后，她把主要精力放在妇女研究方面，1946－1949年，全力以赴地投入了《第二性》的创作，1949年，《第二性》在法国出版，立即轰动一时，被誉为“有史以来的讨论女人的最健全、最理智、最有智慧的一本书”，甚至被尊为西方妇女的“圣经”，从而成为西方女权主义的理论经典。 1952年，该书被译成英文，在美国一版再版，成为当时美国的最为畅销的书籍之一。此后，该书被许多国家出版，成为各国妇女研究者的必读之书。 1986年，我国湖南文艺出版社在国内第一次出版了《第二性》的第二卷，书名为《第二性－女人》。 由于这个版本是根据台湾译本印制的，书中除有些术语和内地不尽相同外（如把“无产者”译成“普罗大众”），有些哲学性的论述被删节，也有的地方被望文生义，给读者造成明显的误解。 后来不久，友谊出版公司也出了一个译本，名为《女人是什么》，这个译本的译文要比台湾译本准确和流畅多了，只可惜它也只译了《第二性》的第二卷。 由于上述原因，国内目前还没有出版过《第二性》的全译本，虽然近十几年来我国妇女研究画业在逢勃发展，广大女人工作者、妇女理论研究者以及许多关心妇女问题的人，都希望能及早看到《第二性》的全译本。 本书分上下两卷，第一卷主要是从女性群体的角度去讨论女人问题，是全书的理论框架。 作者首先从生物学的角度探讨了雌雄两性的性生活，从最简单的单细胞动物一直到复杂的哺乳动物，详细论述了单性生殖和有性生殖的种种表现，揭示了动物界当中出现的雌雄分体、雌雄同体、雌雄间体和雌雄嵌体的有趣现象，认为单性生殖和有性生殖具有同等重要的作用、驳斥了将女性等同于子宫或卵巢的观点。 接着，作者介绍了精神分析学的妇女观，认为弗洛伊德的所谓的“恋父情结”，是根据他依照男性模式得出的“恋母情结”炮制出来的，实际上女性是否存在“恋父情结”，大可质疑；从而批判了弗洛伊德的以男性为中心的、把女性的生理、心理和处境归结为“性”的“性一元论”。 作者也论述了马克思主义的妇女观，认为马克思主义有关妇女的论述，对妇女理论的发展作出了重大的贡献，尤其是私有制或世袭财产的私有制的出现，是妇女受压迫的一个根本性根源的观点，对研究妇女的历史和现状更是起到了奠基性的作用。作者认为，从经济角度研究妇女，是历史的一大进步，社会主义制度终将消灭男女不平等的现象，但“经济一元论”也是有其局限性的。 作者还用大量篇幅论述了从原始社会到社会主义社会（苏联社会），妇女的处境、权利与地位的变化，揭示了许多鲜为人知的历史事实。 作者接着讨论了东西方神话中的妇女权利与地位，指出了对处女的崇拜只是在私有制出现以后，男性为了保证世袭财产能够在父系范围内继承，才确立的一种制度，而妇女因此才成为生产继承人的工具的这一重要的历史事实。作者指出，与此相反，在私有制出现以前，即在远古时代，人们恰恰认为处女是“邪恶的”、“不吉利的”，并把处女交给过路人或神殿的僧侣。交给前者是因为，过路人对处女的“魔力”可能满不在乎，交给后者是因为，僧侣具有神圣的力量，可以战胜处女的“魔力","今年外借册数":0,"编目审核员":"","调配时间":"","索书号A":"D440/B88","责任者三":"","责任者二":"","分类":"","编目审核":0,"预约数":0,"编目审核日期":"","封面地址":"","内容介绍":"","责任者四":"","文献类型":0,"图象页数":0,"责任者":"(法)西蒙娜·德·波伏娃著","版次":"","下载":0,"种次字符数据":"","分类数据":"","出版者2":"中国书籍出版社","MARC类型":"","封面服务器ID":0,"首馆键码":1,"索书号15":"","采编审核日期":"","索书号14":"","索书号13":"","索书号12":"","索书号11":"","责任者2":"(法)西蒙娜·德·波伏娃著","索书号10":"","全文地址":"","题名":"第二性全译本II","翻译题名":"","处理日期":1319613780000,"分类字母":"","题名缩写":"DEX:QYB.II","丛书名":"","册数":3,"索书号16":"","累计外借册数":89,"调配员":"","修改人员":41,"出版者":"中国书籍出版社","创建时间":"","卷标":"","种次":"","下载服务器ID":0,"下载地址":""},"ID":"a61a957fa25845fc4e26ec37a67927ae"},{"NUM":10,"bookMap":{"种次F":"","标准编码":"978-7-5326-3258-9","可外借数":3,"上月外借册数":0,"去年外借册数":0,"封面":"","采编审核":0,"分类字符数据":"","全文服务器ID":0,"操作员":52,"索书号2":"","种次数据":"","内容介绍1":"","语种":"chi","本月外借册数":0,"排架号":"","库键码":1,"ILAS记录号":0,"出版日期":"2011","已外借数":0,"COVERPATH":"http://img7.doubanio.com/view/subject/s/public/s8901273.jpg","题名2":"挑灯看剑:混在杀戮里的浪漫情怀","采编审核员":"","分类号":"","出版地":"上海","索书号":"K875.8-49/C43","价格":0,"索书号5":"","索书号6":"","种次字母":"","索书号3":"","责任者一":"","索书号4":"","索书号9":"","翻阅次数":0,"主键码":802810,"索书号7":"","索书号8":"","SUMMARYS":"《挑灯看剑:混在杀戮里的浪漫情怀》内容简介：剑在中国的冷兵器中有着其他任何兵器都不可比拟的尊崇地位，它一头铭刻着我们中华民族灵魂深处的坚韧勇敢，一头张扬着千古文人的文才风流；它一边围绕着我们追求幸福与公正的侠义梦想，一边倾诉着祖先开创历史的艰难与辉煌。剑也正是由此才能承载住极其博大深沉的文化内涵，闪耀出高贵神圣得有些虚幻的荣光，成为铭刻在我们中华民族千年血脉中一段不可磨灭的文化基因。其实这本《挑灯看剑（混在杀戮里的浪漫情怀）》讲得也许根本不是剑。或者说《挑灯看剑:混在杀戮里的浪漫情怀》中所讲的剑并不是那种“尖锋短柄，长刃两面”的兵器。","今年外借册数":0,"编目审核员":"","调配时间":"","索书号A":"K875.8-49/C43","责任者三":"","责任者二":"","分类":"","编目审核":0,"预约数":0,"编目审核日期":"","封面地址":"","内容介绍":"","责任者四":"","文献类型":0,"图象页数":0,"责任者":"陈肯著","版次":"","下载":0,"种次字符数据":"","分类数据":"","出版者2":"上海辞书出版社","MARC类型":"","封面服务器ID":0,"首馆键码":1,"索书号15":"","采编审核日期":"","索书号14":"","索书号13":"","索书号12":"","索书号11":"","责任者2":"陈肯著","索书号10":"","全文地址":"","题名":"挑灯看剑混在杀戮里的浪漫情怀","翻译题名":"","处理日期":1321944743000,"分类字母":"","题名缩写":"","丛书名":"","册数":3,"索书号16":"","累计外借册数":4,"调配员":"","修改人员":119,"出版者":"上海辞书出版社","创建时间":"","卷标":"","种次":"","下载服务器ID":0,"下载地址":""},"ID":"1f120b249f4816a0e45867745989d980"},{"NUM":10,"bookMap":{"种次F":"","标准编码":"978-7-208-14898-7","可外借数":2,"上月外借册数":0,"去年外借册数":0,"封面":"","采编审核":0,"分类字符数据":"","全文服务器ID":0,"操作员":52,"索书号2":"","种次数据":"","内容介绍1":"","语种":"chi","本月外借册数":0,"排架号":"","库键码":1,"ILAS记录号":0,"出版日期":"2018","已外借数":0,"COVERPATH":"","题名2":"叔本华美学随笔","采编审核员":"","分类号":"","出版地":"上海","索书号":"B516.41-53/S72-3","价格":45,"索书号5":"","索书号6":"","种次字母":"","索书号3":"","责任者一":"","索书号4":"","索书号9":"","翻阅次数":0,"主键码":1434024,"索书号7":"","索书号8":"","SUMMARYS":"","今年外借册数":0,"编目审核员":"","调配时间":"","索书号A":"B516.41-53/S72-3","责任者三":"","责任者二":"","分类":"","编目审核":0,"预约数":0,"编目审核日期":"","封面地址":"","内容介绍":"","责任者四":"","文献类型":0,"图象页数":0,"责任者":"(德) 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莎士比亚在22或23年间共写了37部戏剧，其中只有16部在他生前以4开本盗印版出版。原因是因当时作家将剧本卖给剧团，剧团为垄断便不发表，被盗印的剧本则是由演员口授，或在演出时被人速记下来，故而版本多有遗漏和错误。1623年，莎士比亚去世7年后，曾与他在国王供奉剧团（前身即宫内大臣剧团）共事的演员海明和康德尔收集莎士比亚遗作36部（其中有20部是首次付印），出版了第一个莎士比亚戏剧集，即后人所谓第一对开本，其中的剧目不是按创作年代，而是按喜剧、历史剧和悲剧3类编排的。从18世纪后期开始学者们研究了莎剧的创作年代、分类和分期问题，但说法不一。一般来说，莎士比亚的戏剧创作可分以下3个时期： 第一时期（1590～1600）以写作历史剧、喜剧为主，有9部历史剧、10部喜剧和2部悲剧。9部历史剧中除《约翰王》是写13世纪初英国历史外，其他8部是内容相衔接的两个4部曲：《亨利六世》上 、中、下篇与《理查三世》；《理查二世》、《亨利四世》上、下篇与《亨利五世》。这些历史剧概括了英国历史上百余年间的动乱，塑造了一系列正、反面君主形象，反映了莎士比亚反对封建割据，拥护中央集权，谴责暴君暴政，要求开明君主进行自上而下改革，建立和谐社会关系的人文主义政治与道德理想。10部喜剧《错误的喜剧》、《驯悍记》、《维洛那二绅士》、《爱的徒劳》、《仲夏夜之梦》、《威尼斯商人》、《 温莎的风流娘儿们》、《无事生非》、《皆大欢喜》和《第十二夜》大都以爱情、友谊、婚姻为主题，主人公多是一些具有人文主义智慧与美德的青年男女，通过他们争取自由、幸福的斗争，歌颂进步、美好的新人新风，同时也温和地揭露和嘲讽旧事物的衰朽和丑恶，如禁欲主义的虚矫、清教徒的伪善和高利贷者的贪鄙等。莎士比亚这一时期戏剧创作的基本情调是乐观、明朗的，充满着以人文主义理想解决社会矛盾的信心，以致写在这一时期的悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中，也洋溢着喜剧气氛。尽管主人公殉情而死，但爱的理想战胜死亡，换来了封建世仇的和解。然而，这一时期较后的成熟喜剧《威尼斯商人》中，又带有忧郁色彩和悲剧因素，在鼓吹仁爱、友谊和真诚爱情的同时，反映了基督教社会中弱肉强食的阶级压迫、种族歧视问题，说明作者已逐渐意识到理想与现实之间存在着难以解决的矛盾。 第二时期（1601～1607）以悲剧为主，写了3部罗马剧、5部悲剧和3部“阴暗的喜剧”或“问题剧”。罗马剧《尤利乌斯·凯撒》、《安东尼和克莉奥佩特拉》和《科里奥拉努斯》是取材于普卢塔克《希腊罗马英雄传》的历史剧。四大悲剧《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》和悲剧《雅典的泰门》标志着作者对时代、人生的深入思考，着力塑造了这样一些新时代的悲剧主人公：他们从中世纪的禁锢和蒙昧中醒来，在近代黎明照耀下，雄心勃勃地想要发展或完善自己，但又不能克服时代和自身的局限，终于在同环境和内心敌对势力的力量悬殊斗争中，遭到不可避免的失败和牺牲。哈姆雷特为报父仇而发现“整个时代脱榫”了，决定担起“重整乾坤”的责任，结果是空怀大志，无力回天。奥赛罗正直淳朴，相信人而又嫉恶如仇，在奸人摆布下杀妻自戕，为追求至善至美反遭恶报。李尔王在权势给他带来的尊荣、自豪、自信中迷失本性，丧失理智，幻想以让权分国来证明自己不当国王而做一个普通人，也能同样或更加伟大，因而经受了一番痛苦的磨难。麦克白本是有功的英雄，性格中有善和美的一面，只因王位的诱惑和野心的驱使，沦为“从血腥到血腥”、懊悔无及的罪人。这些人物的悲剧，深刻地揭示了在资本原始","今年外借册数":0,"编目审核员":"","调配时间":"","索书号A":"I561.33/S28-10/3","责任者三":"","责任者二":"","分类":"","编目审核":0,"预约数":0,"编目审核日期":"","封面地址":"","内容介绍":"","责任者四":"","文献类型":0,"图象页数":0,"责任者":"朱生豪译","版次":"","下载":0,"种次字符数据":"","分类数据":"","出版者2":"内蒙古人民出版社","MARC类型":"","封面服务器ID":0,"首馆键码":1,"索书号15":"","采编审核日期":"","索书号14":"","索书号13":"","索书号12":"","索书号11":"","责任者2":"朱生豪译","索书号10":"","全文地址":"","题名":"莎士比亚戏剧集III喜剧","翻译题名":"","处理日期":1216609360000,"分类字母":"","题名缩写":"SSBYXJJ.III,XJ","丛书名":"","册数":3,"索书号16":"","累计外借册数":50,"调配员":"","修改人员":1,"出版者":"内蒙古人民出版社","创建时间":"","卷标":"","种次":"","下载服务器ID":0,"下载地址":""},"ID":"af38ba9d6939fcc1cd8e3eba89a18590"},{"NUM":8,"bookMap":{"种次F":"","标准编码":"978-7-5054-1548-5","可外借数":3,"上月外借册数":0,"去年外借册数":0,"封面":"","采编审核":0,"分类字符数据":"","全文服务器ID":0,"操作员":41,"索书号2":"","种次数据":"","内容介绍1":"","语种":"chi","本月外借册数":0,"排架号":"","库键码":1,"ILAS记录号":0,"出版日期":"2007","已外借数":0,"COVERPATH":"","题名2":"独步天下.上卷","采编审核员":"","分类号":"","出版地":"北京","索书号":"I247.58/L43/1","价格":0,"索书号5":"","索书号6":"","种次字母":"","索书号3":"","责任者一":"","索书号4":"","索书号9":"","翻阅次数":0,"主键码":555669,"索书号7":"","索书号8":"","SUMMARYS":"","今年外借册数":0,"编目审核员":"","调配时间":"","索书号A":"I247.58/L43/1","责任者三":"","责任者二":"","分类":"","编目审核":0,"预约数":0,"编目审核日期":"","封面地址":"","内容介绍":"","责任者四":"","文献类型":0,"图象页数":0,"责任者":"李歆著","版次":"","下载":0,"种次字符数据":"","分类数据":"","出版者2":"朝华出版社","MARC类型":"","封面服务器ID":0,"首馆键码":1,"索书号15":"","采编审核日期":"","索书号14":"","索书号13":"","索书号12":"","索书号11":"","责任者2":"李歆著","索书号10":"","全文地址":"","题名":"独步天下上卷","翻译题名":"","处理日期":1252463383000,"分类字母":"","题名缩写":"","丛书名":"","册数":3,"索书号16":"","累计外借册数":148,"调配员":"","修改人员":55,"出版者":"朝华出版社","创建时间":"","卷标":"","种次":"","下载服务器ID":0,"下载地址":""},"ID":"430e35ea00383b3eb7b6189604844e9c"}]